Table of Contents
What is the difference between a self-concept and a self-schema?
Self-concept refers to the image we have of ourselves, or who we believe we are. Self-schemas are subsets of our self-concept related to various cognitive aspects. Self-concept is how we perceive our behaviors, abilities, and unique characteristics.1 For example, beliefs such as I am a good friend or I am a kind person are part of an overall self-concept. Second, we distinguish the four main conceptual units that constitute the various selves of self-presentation. These are the public self, the self-concept, the actual or behavioral self, and the ideal self. While concepts mainly contain cognitive information (e.g., ideas; elements), schemas contain many different types of information and can be used to develop expectations about the future. There are four main types of schemas. These are centered around objects, the self, roles, and events. Schemas can be changed and reconstructed throughout a person’s life. The two processes for doing so are assimilation and accommodation. Piaget suggested that we understand the world around us by using schemas. A schema is a pattern of learning, linking perceptions, ideas and actions to make sense of the world. Piaget described it simply as the “way we see the world”.
What is schema and self-concept?
The term self-schema refers to the beliefs and thoughts people have about themselves in order to organize information about the self. Self-schemas are generalizations about the self that are abstracted from past experiences and acting in a present situation. Schemata represent the ways in which the characteristics of certain events or objects are recalled, as determined by one’s self-knowledge and cultural-political background. Examples of schemata include rubrics, perceived social roles, stereotypes, and worldviews. The self-concept is a schema that contains knowledge about us. It is primarily made up of physical characteristics, group memberships, and traits. Because the self-concept is so complex, it has extraordinary influence on our thoughts, feelings, and behavior, and we can remember information that is related to it well. Schema is your background knowledge; it’s what you already know before you even pick up the book. Its major “ingredients” are your memories, the books you’ve read, the places you’ve been, the movies you’ve watched, the vocabulary you know, etc. Your schema, or background knowledge, is highly fueled by your interests. Schema is of three types: Logical Schema, Physical Schema and view Schema. The questionnaire evaluates five self-concept dimensions (academic, social, emotional, family, and physical) that represent different qualities that are differentially related to distinct areas of human behavior (Shavelson et al., 1976; Marsh and O’Mara, 2008).
What is an example of self-schema?
A few examples of self-schemas are: exciting or dull; quiet or loud; healthy or sickly; athletic or nonathletic; lazy or active; and geek or jock. If a person has a schema for geek or jock, for example, he might think of himself as a bit of a computer geek and would possess a lot of information about that trait. A schema is a mental concept that informs a person about what to expect from a variety of experiences and situations. Schemas are developed based on information provided by life experiences and are then stored in memory. Schemas (or schemata) are units of understanding that can be hierarchically categorized as well as webbed into complex relationships with one another. For example, think of a house. You probably get an immediate mental image of something out of a kid’s storybook: four windows, front door, suburban setting, chimney. The self-concept is a knowledge representation that contains knowledge about us, including our beliefs about our personality traits, physical characteristics, abilities, values, goals, and roles, as well as the knowledge that we exist as individuals. The self-categorization theory developed by John Turner states that the self-concept consists of at least two levels: a personal identity and a social one. In other words, one’s self-evaluation relies on self-perceptions and how others perceive them.
What is the function of self-schema?
Self-schema help us to remember schema-relevant information, to muster evidence. Difficult to change. Self-knowledge is more accessible in memory than knowledge about others (greater familiarity and complexity in self-knowledge.). We make self-schematic judgments rapidly or slowly depending on the circumstance (p. For example, when John understands that leaves change color in the fall, he has a schema about leaves and fall. Learning involves forming schemata. When John learns that white and red make pink, or that houses have windows and doors and roofs, he is forming schemata. But learning also involves revising our schemata. There are three main components of self-concept: Self-image- How we see ourselves including physical and cognitive evaluations. Ideal-self- The person we would like to be or become. Self-worth- This is also known as self-esteem which is formed by social interactions and feedback from others. Definition: Schema theory is a branch of cognitive science concerned with how the brain structures knowledge. A schema is an organized unit of knowledge for a subject or event. It is based on past experience and is accessed to guide current understanding or action. Prejudice is one example of a schema that prevents people from seeing the world as it is and inhibits them from taking in new information. By holding certain beliefs about a particular group of people, this existing schema may cause people to interpret situations incorrectly. Henceforth, Bracken has classified the six domains of self-concept based on specific main environments, i.e.; social, ability, affective, academic, family and physical. n. a cognitive framework comprising organized information and beliefs about the self that guides a person’s perception of the world, influencing what information draws the individual’s attention as well as how that information is evaluated and retained.
What is self-schema in psychology?
n. a cognitive framework comprising organized information and beliefs about the self that guides a person’s perception of the world, influencing what information draws the individual’s attention as well as how that information is evaluated and retained. broadly : a structured framework or plan : outline. : a mental codification of experience that includes a particular organized way of perceiving cognitively and responding to a complex situation or set of stimuli. broadly : a structured framework or plan : outline. : a mental codification of experience that includes a particular organized way of perceiving cognitively and responding to a complex situation or set of stimuli. Concepts are defined as abstract ideas. They are understood to be the fundamental building blocks of the concept behind principles, thoughts and beliefs. They play an important role in all aspects of cognition. Concrete or Perceptual Concepts 2. Abstract Concepts 3. Defined (or Relational) and Associated Concepts 4. Complex Concepts.
What is self-concept examples?
Self-concept is how we perceive our behaviors, abilities, and unique characteristics.1 For example, beliefs such as I am a good friend or I am a kind person are part of an overall self-concept. Self concept is made up of factors such as self image, ideal self and self esteem. Haworth et al (2010) suggests that there are numerous factors that can affect your self- concept. They are age, education, media, appearance, culture, abuse, relationships, gender, and income. Self-concept can be shaped by feedback received from parents, siblings, teachers, community, and coaches. Temperament, context, cultural heritage, gender, life experiences, and the media can also shape who a person thinks he/she is, and even how they feel about themselves. In short, a concept is a mental representation of a category of things in the world. For example, the concept apple ties together all knowledge we have about apples in general, such as their typical shapes and sizes, as well as what they can be used for (e.g., eating or throwing). Self-schemas are beliefs we hold about ourselves and how we will feel or act in certain situations. Everyone’s self-schemas are different and just one portion of our self-concept. They’re formed by our experiences and relationships with others. Self-schemas are important because they influence our behaviors. A few examples of self-schemas are: exciting or dull; quiet or loud; healthy or sickly; athletic or nonathletic; lazy or active; and geek or jock. If a person has a schema for geek or jock, for example, he might think of himself as a bit of a computer geek and would possess a lot of information about that trait.
What is self-concept function?
Self-concepts represent knowledge structures that consist of beliefs about the self, including one’s attributes, social roles, and goals. The main factors determining the formation of the self-concept of an individual are the environment as well as people with whom the individual lives. The schema model of the self-concept is presented as a theoretical framework that has the potential for explaining how the self-concept functions to influence emotional and behavioral responses to events relevant to health and well-being. The questionnaire evaluates five self-concept dimensions (academic, social, emotional, family, and physical) that represent different qualities that are differentially related to distinct areas of human behavior (Shavelson et al., 1976; Marsh and O’Mara, 2008). Concepts in Psychology. A concept is a verbal or written understanding of abstract thought. Abstract thoughts are ideas and things that are intangible. A concept helps to explain an idea within a specific field of study. The term self-schema was introduced in 1977 by Hazel Markus, who based self-schema theory on cognitive psychological theory and research on schemas (or schemata).