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What are the educational implications of Bruner cognitive development theory?
Educational Implications For Bruner (1961), the purpose of education is not to impart knowledge, but instead to facilitate a child’s thinking and problem-solving skills which can then be transferred to a range of situations. Specifically, education should also develop symbolic thinking in children. According to Gardner , the implication of the theory is that learning/teaching should focus on the particular intelligences of each person. For example, if an individual has strong spatial or musical intelligences, they should be encouraged to develop these abilities. Cognitive development theory can affect teaching in the classroom as it encourages teachers to use concrete props and visual aids whenever possible (appealing the tangible and visual learning development of students). It helps them to make instructions relatively short, using actions as well as words. Jean Piaget’s theory of cognitive development suggests that intelligence changes as children grow. A child’s cognitive development is not just about acquiring knowledge, the child has to develop or construct a mental model of the world. While Piaget’s research has generated many suggested implications for teaching, five issues have been selected for discussion. These are stage-based teaching, uniqueness of individual learning, concep- tual development prior to language, experience in- volving action, and necessity of social interaction. An important implication of Piaget’s theory is the adaptation of instruction to the learner’s developmental level. The content of instruction needs to be consistent with the developmental level of the learner.
What is the application of cognitive theory in learning?
As a learning theory, cognitivism has many applications in the classroom. In each application, the main principle is incorporating student experiences, perspectives and knowledge. This approach can not only help students learn, but it can also help them feel respected and listened to. Implications for Teaching Cognitivist teaching methods aim to assist students in assimilating new information to existing knowledge, and enabling them to make the appropriate modifications to their existing intellectual framework to accommodate that information. Examples of cognitive learning strategies include: Encouraging discussions about what is being taught. Helping students explore and understand how ideas are connected. Asking students to justify and explain their thinking. Using visualizations to improve students’ understanding and recall. Social constructivism shifts the responsibility of knowledge acquisition from the teacher to the student and also transforms the student from a passive listener to an active participant and a co-constructor of knowledge among co- learners. Cognitive Learning Theory is a more active approach to learning, where learners’ answers are not just judged by correctness, but also on how a learner arrives at their answer. This theory is based on a term called “Metacognition”, which is pretty much just the idea of thinking about one’s thinking. Consequences of constructivist theory are that: Students learn best when engaged in learning experiences rather passively receiving information. Learning is inherently a social process because it is embedded within a social context as students and teachers work together to build knowledge.
What are the educational implication of learning theories?
Learning can also be looked at as a relative permanent change of behaviour as a result of experience. Learning theories are theories whose main concern is to link research with education. In other words learning theories explain how learning and teaching processes should be and/or should take place. What is the main idea of cognitive learning theory? The main assumption of cognitive theory is that thoughts are the primary determinants of emotions and behavior. The cognitive approach to learning believes that internal mental processes can be scientifically studied. – Albert Bandura As the creator of the concept of social learning theory, Bandura proposes five essential steps in order for the learning to take place: observation, attention, retention, reproduction, and motivation. Jerome Bruner’s Theory of Development is based on the assumption that we learn best when we go from concrete to abstract in a three-step process: First comes hands-on “Action”, then learning with “Images” and finally students transform what they’ve learned into “Language”. Cognitive learning discourages rote learning where you cram materials for memorization. In cognitive learning, the goal is to understand the subject at a deeper level. This creates an immersive effect that helps recall and improves your ability to relate new knowledge to past information. Educational Implications of Pavlov’s Classical Conditioning Theory: Many things of the school-subjects are learnt more adequately through this process. Reading writing, spelling or habits are learnt more effectively through the process of conditioning.