Table of Contents
How do you cite Beck 1967 in APA?
Citation. Beck, A.T. (1967). Depression. Harper and Row: New York. Citation: Beck, A.T., Steer, R.A., & Brown, G.K. (1996). Manual for the Beck Depression Inventory-II. San Antonio, TX: Psychological Corporation. Beck’s negative cognitive triad of depression consists of negative thoughts about the self, negative thoughts about one’s experiences, and negative thoughts about the future. Beck’s cognitive theory of depression proposes that persons susceptible to depression develop inaccurate/unhelpful core beliefs about themselves, others, and the world as a result of their learning histories.
How do you cite the Beck Depression Inventory 2 in APA?
Citation. Beck, A. T., Steer, R. A., & Brown, G. (1996). Beck Depression Inventory–II (BDI-II) [Database record]. Description of Measure: The Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) is a 21-item, self-report rating inventory that measures characteristic attitudes and symptoms of depression (Beck, et al., 1961). Beck developed a cognitive explanation of depression which has three components: a) cognitive bias; b) negative self-schemas; c) the negative triad. Beck’s cognitive theory considers the subjective symptoms such as a negative view of self, world, and future defining features of depression. The model assumes that psychopathological states represent extreme or excessive forms of normal cognitive, emotional, and behavioral functioning. The attributional reformulation of the learned helplessness model (Abramson et al., 1978) and Beck’s cognitive theory (Beck et al., 1979) are the two most widely-accepted cognitive theories among contemporary cognitive models of depression (Vázquez et al., 2000).