Table of Contents
What is ethics in cognitive approach?
In cognitive psychology research, ethics must be considered to ensure participants (humans and animals) are not harmed and that research conducted is ethically valid. Researchers should always conduct research in an ethical manner and studies should always be critically evaluated for ethical issues. Cognitive biases impact ethical decision-making and can help explain why good people make bad decisions. This can occur when individuals want to obtain desired outcomes for themselves such as career advancement or financial reward. Key features of the cognitive approach are: A belief that psychology should be a pure science, and research methods should be scientific in nature. The primary interest is in thinking and related mental processes such as memory, forgetting, perception, attention and language. The main criticism of cognitive psychology is that it is not directly observable. Another criticism, like other psychological approaches, is that this approach ignores other reasons for behavior other than cognitive. For instance, a behavior could be due to cognitive and social reasons.
What is meant by ethical approach?
Approaches to the Study of Ethics. Ethical issues are ones that involve the way things should be rather than the way things are. Ethics involve discussions of moral obligations, but do not necessarily hinge on religious overtones. The first step in discussing ethical issues is to get all the facts. From the earliest moments of recorded human consciousness, the ethical discipline has exhibited four fundamental approaches These four approaches are often called ethical decision-making frameworks: Utilitarian Ethics (outcome based), Deontological Ethics (duty based), Virtue Ethics (virtue based) and Communitarian … The three schools are virtue ethics, consequentialist ethics, and deontological or duty-based ethics. Each approach provides a different way to understand ethics. Results: The major ethical issues in conducting research are: a) Informed consent, b) Beneficence- Do not harm c) Respect for anonymity and confidentiality d) Respect for privacy.
Why is ethical decision making a cognitive process?
Ethical decision making is a cognitive process that considers various ethical principles, rules, and virtues or the maintenance of relationships to guide or judge individual or group decisions or intended actions. The Utilitarian Approach Utilitarianism is one of the most common approaches to making ethical decisions, especially decisions with consequences that concern large groups of people, in part because it instructs us to weigh the different amounts of good and bad that will be produced by our action. Generally, there are about 12 ethical principles: honesty, fairness, leadership, integrity, compassion, respect, responsibility, loyalty, law-abiding, transparency, and environmental concerns. Ethical issues in business can be divided into four areas: equity, rights, honesty, and the exercise of corporate power. Business organizations have conflicting responsibilities to their employees, shareholders, customers, and the public. There are three main types of ethical issues: Utilitarian, Deontological, and Virtue. Utilitarian ethics focus on the consequences of an action, while deontological ethics focus on the act itself. Virtue ethics focuses on the character of the person acting. There are three main types of ethical issues: Utilitarian, Deontological, and Virtue. Utilitarian ethics focus on the consequences of an action, while deontological ethics focus on the act itself. Virtue ethics focuses on the character of the person acting.
What is one ethical consideration related to studies on cognitive processes?
Participants should be protected from physical and mental harm and distress. This includes humiliation, stress, injury, etc. Participants should not be forced to reveal personal information. These include anonymity, confidentiality, informed consent, researchers’ potential impact on the participants and vice versa. Researchers face ethical challenges in all stages of the study, from designing to reporting. These include anonymity, confidentiality, informed consent, researchers’ potential impact on the participants and vice versa.
What is the main idea of cognitive approach?
The cognitive approach gave rise to the idea that internal mental behavior could be studied using experiments. Cognitive psychology assumes that there is an internal process that occurs between when a stimulus happens and when you respond to it. One limitation of the cognitive approach is the claim that our mind is like a computer, which is often implied through the use of computer models. Many people argue that humans are very different from computers. For example, we have emotions, we forget things, and we make mistakes, unlike computers. The cognitive approach tends to be reductionist as when studying a variable it isolates processes such as memory from other cognitive processes. However, in our normal life we would use many cognitive processes simultaneously, so it lacks validity. Key Assumptions Human behaviour can be explained as a set of scientific processes. Our behaviour can be explained as a series of responses to external stimuli. Behaviour is controlled by our own thought processes, as opposed to genetic factors. A strength is the cognitive approach can provide explanations on cognitive impairments, providing information with practical applications. For example… A weakness is the cognitive approach uses predominantly lab experiments so they have a low ecological validity, they are not the same as real world situations.
What is an example of cognitive approach?
An example of a way that cognitive researchers study perception is by examining how students study information in preparation for exams. The cognitive approach assumes The mind actively processes information from our senses (touch, taste etc.). Between stimulus and response are complex mental processes, which can be studied scientifically. Humans can be seen as data processing systems. Cognitive psychology is based on two assumptions: (1) Human cognition can at least in principle be fully revealed by the scientific method, that is, individual components of mental processes can be identified and understood, and (2) Internal mental processes can be described in terms of rules or algorithms in … These include perception, human learning, attention, categorization, problem solving, decision–making, information processing and retrieval, short and long-term memory and forgetting, sensory encoding, motor control, psycholinguistics, and reading. Cognitive learning theory can improve learners’ comprehension when attempting new subjects or tasks. With cognitive learning, students learn by doing. This hands-on approach allows learners to gain a deeper, more comprehensive understanding of new materials.