Table of Contents
What are the basic assumptions of the cognitive approach?
The assumption of the cognitive approach is that the mind operates in a similar way to how a computer processes information. This processing takes place in the form of thoughts, and uses cognitive ‘models’. Cognitive processes may include attention, perception, reasoning, emoting, learning, synthesizing, rearrangement and manipulation of stored information, memory storage, retrieval, and metacognition. Cognitive psychology assumes that there is an internal process that occurs between when a stimulus happens and when you respond to it. These processes are called mediational processes and can involve memory, perception, attention, problem-solving, or other processes. Modern cognitive psychology freely, draws theories and techniques; from twelve principal areas of research, namely cognitive neurosiceince, human and artificial intelligence, perception, thinking and concept formation, pattern recognition, developmental psychology, attention, language, representation of knowledge, … Cognitive psychology is defined as the study of individual-level mental processes such as information processing, attention, language use, memory, perception, problem solving, decision-making, and thinking (Gerrig and Zimbardo 2002). An assumption is an unexamined belief: what we think without realizing we think it. Our inferences (also called conclusions) are often based on assumptions that we haven’t thought about critically. A critical thinker, however, is attentive to these assumptions because they are sometimes incorrect or misguided.
What are the 3 major assumptions of cognitive psychology?
Key Assumptions Human behaviour can be explained as a set of scientific processes. Our behaviour can be explained as a series of responses to external stimuli. Behaviour is controlled by our own thought processes, as opposed to genetic factors. Assumptions are the foci for any theory and thus any paradigm. It is important to make assumptions explicit and to make a sufficient number of assumptions to describe the phenomenon at hand. Explication of assumptions is even more crucial in research methods used to test the theories. Brookfield (2017) defines 3 types of assumptions you need to pay attention to: paradigmatic, prescriptive, and causal. They make four key assumptions: ontological, epistemological, axiological, and methodological assumptions. Depending on the statistical analysis, the assumptions may differ. A few of the most common assumptions in statistics are normality, linearity, and equality of variance. An assumption is something that you assume to be the case, even without proof. For example, people might make the assumption that you’re a nerd if you wear glasses, even though that’s not true.
What are the two major assumptions of cognitive therapy?
The three common assumptions of cognitive therapies are: “(1) Behavior and emotions develop through cognitive processes; (2) procedures based on the human learning laboratory are effective in influencing cognitive processes; and (3) the therapist should serve as ‘diagnostician-educator’ to uncover maladaptive cognitive … Cognitive theory Aaron Beck is considered the founding father of cognitive therapy and his theory and model continue to form the foundations of many cognitive and behavioural therapy approaches used today. Findings show that cognitive representations consist of five dimensions that describe 1) how people identify an illness using symptoms and a disease label (identity), 2) beliefs about cause, 3) duration (timeline), 4) personal consequences, and 5) control (Leventhal et al., 2003). Every therapy operates with a certain set of basic assumptions. These are sets of hypothesis’, facts or statements that are taken for granted. They are not always articulated, but they are acted upon as rules and guidelines for treatment. The cognitive process includes the six levels of thinking skills as remember, understand, apply, analyze, evaluate and create. Traditionally, cognitive psychology includes human perception, attention, learning, memory, concept formation, reasoning, judgment and decision-making, problem solving, and language processing.
What is the major assumption of cognitive therapy quizlet?
To a large degree, both cognitive therapy and cognitive behavior therapy are based on the assumption that beliefs, behaviors, emotions, and physical reactions are all reciprocally linked. The basic assumptions of behaviour therapies are the following: Psychological distress arises because of faulty behaviour patterns or thought patterns. The past is relevant only to the extent of understanding of origin of the faulty behaviour and thought pattern. Only the faulty patterns are corrected in the present. Beck developed a cognitive explanation of depression which has three components: a) cognitive bias; b) negative self-schemas; c) the negative triad. Cognitive psychology is defined as the study of individual-level mental processes such as information processing, attention, language use, memory, perception, problem solving, decision-making, and thinking (Gerrig and Zimbardo 2002). Beck’s cognitive theory considers the subjective symptoms such as a negative view of self, world, and future defining features of depression. The model assumes that psychopathological states represent extreme or excessive forms of normal cognitive, emotional, and behavioral functioning.
What is a major assumption made by cognitive neuropsychology?
Brain and Language, 5, 41–66) proposed that cognitive neuropsychology needs to make four assumptions in order for its inferences from pathological performance to the structure of intact cognitive systems to be justifiable. These assumptions were: fractionation, modularity, transparency and universality. Basic Assumptions Behavior is the result of stimulus–response (i.e., all behavior, no matter how complex, can be reduced to a simple stimulus – response features). Behavior is determined by the environment (e.g., conditioning, nurture). Assumptions come from past experiences that are stored in the brain, and they tend to fortify the status quo. When something surprising or confusing happens, or when we are stuck or afraid, and don’t know what to do next, we call on our assumptions to help us close the gap in our understanding. They make four key assumptions: ontological, epistemological, axiological, and methodological assumptions. They make four key assumptions: ontological, epistemological, axiological, and methodological assumptions. 12 Types of Assumptions – Simplicable.