Table of Contents
What is opponent process theory in addiction?
(A) According to the opponent-process theory of drug addiction (Koob and Le Moal, 2001; Koob and Volkow, 2010), the intake of an addictive drug activates two processes: a fast, primary process that causes the pleasurable effects of the drug and a slow “anti-reward” opponent process which results in negative affect.
What is the opponent process model?
Opponent process theory suggests that looking at one color for a long period causes those receptor cells to become fatigued. When they begin sending weaker signals, their opposing cells fire, sending signals that cause the perception of the opposing color.
What is the opponent process theory of overdose?
Opponent-process theory describes the responses to drugs during exposure. It defines the processes that can contribute to addiction, and predicts the time course of drug responses, tolerance, withdrawal symptoms, and accidental overdose.
What is the opponent process theory of pain?
According to opponent process theory, all sensations consist of a primary process and a slow ‘opponent process’ of opposite valence, the purpose of which is to reduce the deviation from homeostatic balance. Here, opponent process theory provided a framework to explore the interaction between pain, relief and reward.
Where is opponent-process theory?
For example, staring at a yellow circle would produce a blue circle afterimage. These opponent processes occur within the thalamus of the brain, inside a group of sensory perception cells called the lateral geniculate nucleus.
What is the opponent-process theory best for explaining?
Opponent process theory explains different emotions in a single, simple mechanism. The initial response to an event may not necessarily be long-term behavioral tendencies related to that event. For example, a drug addict may feel pleasure while taking drugs for the first time.
What are the components of opponent process theory?
The opponent-process theory suggests that there are three opponent channels, each comprising an opposing color pair: red versus green, blue versus yellow, and black versus white (luminance). The theory was first proposed in 1892 by the German physiologist Ewald Hering.
What is opponent process theory in learning?
Abstract. Solomon (1980) proposed an opponent process theory to account for motivational and affective dynamics. This theory asserts that the brain avoids extremes of emotional experience by countering the stimulation it receives with an opposite or “opponent” reaction.
What is an example of a process theory?
Examples of process theories include evolution by natural selection, continental drift and the nitrogen cycle.
What are the three pairs of opponent process theory?
The opponent process theory was first developed by Ewald Hering in 1874. He suggested that there are opposing color-specific receptors or channels. The three pairs he proposed are red/green, blue/yellow, and black/white.
What is opponent process theory simply psychology?
Opponent Process Theory (OPT) is a term coined in the field of psychology that explains how the primary or initial reaction to an emotional event will be subsequently followed by an opposite secondary emotional state.
What is an A and B process opponent process theory?
The opponent process theory of motivation is defined by two processes. The a-process includes affective or hedonic habituation (or tolerance) and the b-process includes affective or hedonic withdrawal (abstinence).
What is the opponent process theory of love?
Richard L. Solomon’s opponent process theory of emotions—also commonly referred to as the opponent process theory of acquired motivation—contends that the primary or initial reaction to an emotional event (State A) will be followed by an opposite secondary emotional state (State B).
What are the components of opponent-process theory?
The opponent-process theory suggests that there are three opponent channels, each comprising an opposing color pair: red versus green, blue versus yellow, and black versus white (luminance). The theory was first proposed in 1892 by the German physiologist Ewald Hering.
What is the opponent-process theory psychology a process?
Abstract. Solomon (1980) proposed an opponent process theory to account for motivational and affective dynamics. This theory asserts that the brain avoids extremes of emotional experience by countering the stimulation it receives with an opposite or “opponent” reaction.